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Covenants, Conditions & Restrictions

Welcome to the Covenants, Conditions, and Restrictions section of FindLaw's Real Estate Center. Covenants, conditions, and restrictions (also called "CC&Rs") are used by many "common interest" developments, including condominiums and co-ops, to regulate the use, appearance, and maintenance of property. CC&Rs often restrict what homeowners can do on their property. For example, some CC&Rs do not allow homeowners to hang their laundry out to dry, have lawn maintenance standards, or prohibitions on home additions. This section provides practical and legal information on CC&Rs to help you understand what you can and cannot do with a given property.
Learn About Covenants, Conditions & Restrictions
  • CC&R Basics

    A covenant is a rule governing the use of real property. This article offers an overview of the legal effects of covenants, when covenants are used, the difference between covenants and zoning laws, and more.

  • Purpose of CC&Rs

    Property owners use covenants to restrict the use of land for a number of different reasons. Learn about what covenants can regulate, the types of covenants, the differences between covenants and laws, and more.

  • Types of CC&Rs: Builders' Restrictions

    A guide to the different forms of covenants, conditions, and restrictions. Find out how builders’ restrictions are created, how the restrictions can affect home buyers, and much more in this article.

  • Creation and Termination of CC&Rs

    An overview of how covenants, conditions, and restrictions are created and terminated. Learn about covenants running with the land, termination by expiration, and how to terminate a covenant early.

  • CC&R Enforcement and Remedies

    Most covenants include procedures for handling violations of a restriction or requesting an exemption of variance from the restriction. This article explains how variances, association hearings, and court actions work.

  • Voluntary Neighborhood Covenants

    Building developers often create covenants, conditions, and restrictions for the “common interest” communities they build. This article explains voluntary neighborhood conditions, how they’re enforced, and more.

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